Comparisons between seabed and free surface effects on underwater vehicle hydrodynamics

This paper presents a numerical study on the hydrodynamic coefficients of DARPA SUBOFF hull when deeply submerged and near seabed. The CFD-based model was validated with experimental data, namely experiments involving BB2 undergoing straight-ahead motion free surface only at drift angles without influence either or used to investigate effects seabed's effect behaviour across range speeds, angles, submergence depths. results were then compared operations surface. show that seabed has smaller Also, do not vary Froude number but